Mechanical Engineering
ME8501 - Metrology and Measurement | MCQ
Important Part A Q & A (Multiple choices based)
Unit 1: Basics of Metrology
1. The various applications of legal metrology includes:-
a) Industrial Measurement b) Commercial Transactions
c) Public Health and Human Safety d) All of them ANS : (D)
2. The difference between maximum value and minimum value of the
instrument is termed as
a) Sensitivity b) Reliability c) Range d) Repeatability ANS : (C)
3. _____are simple to manufacture with low cost and enables easy,
quick measurement
a) Line Standard b) End Standard
c) Principle Standard d) Working Standard ANS : (A)
4. Type of error which occurs as the results of the absolute error and the value
of comparison used for the calculation of absolute error is:
a) Calibration error b) Complementary error c) Loading error
d) Relative error ANS : (D)
5. Metrology dealing with the technique of measuring small variations of a
continuous nature is termed as
a) Fundamental Metrology b) Dynamic Metrology
c) Legal Metrology d) Scientific Metrology ANS : (B)
6. If the temperature is 280C outside and a temperature sensor reads 280C, then
the sensor is said to be
a) Precise b) Imperfect c) Accurate d) requires service ANS : (C)
7. A deflection type weighing scale with a 30 cm scale span will have
when compared to a weighing scale with a 15 cm scale span
a) Higher readability b) lower readability c) same readability d) Zero readability ANS : (A)
8. Error due to temperature and error due to friction are categorized as
a) Static error b) Instrumental Error c) Observational error d) Minute
Error ANS : (B)
9. Sensitivity of a measuring instrument is calculated as:-
a) Infinitesimal change of Output signal / Infinitesimal change of Input signal
b) Infinitesimal change of Input signal / Infinitesimal change of Output signal
c) Magnitude of output Signal
d) Magnitude of input Signal ANS : (A)
10. A thermometer is calibrated from 2000C to 3000C. If its accuracy is specified
within + 0.25%, What will be its maximum static error?
a) 2500C b) + 0.500C c) 3500C d) + 0.250C ANS : (D)
11. Standards in the form of blocks or bars with two faces or ends which are at a
defined distance apart are termed as
a) Line Standard b) Principle Standard
c) End Standard d) Working Standard ANS : (C)
12. Percentage of true value is
a) (Measured Value – True Value) / Measured Value
b) (Measured Value – True Value) / True Value
c) (True Value – Measured Value) / True Value
d) (True Value – Measured Value) / Measured Value ANS : (B)
13. Which of the following is not a line standard?
a) Yard
b) Meter
c) Precision scale
d) Length bar ANS : (D)
14. Which of the following is incorrect about line standard?
a) These are legal standards
b) A round recess, half inch away from the ends is cut at both ends
c) Slope at the ends is zero
d) Points of supports are called ‘Airy’ points ANS : (B)
15. Which of the following option is correct about given statements related to
end standards?
Statement 1: It is possible to transfer line standard to end standard.
Statement 2: Size of end bars varies from 5 mm to 100 mm only.
a) T, F
b) F, F
c) T, T
d) F, T ANS : (A)
16. Which of the following is incorrect about end standards?
a) End of micrometer anvil is the end standard
b) It is difficult to form 2 parallel surfaces at the end of a bar
c) Slip gauges were made of more length than legal line standard
d) It is difficult to heat treat the ends ANS : (C)
17. Which of the option is correct about given statements factors affecting
standards?
Statement 1: A uniform temperature is important in metrology labs.
Statement 2: Ambient temperature may change by convection, conduction and
radiation.
a) Only statement 1 is correct
b) Only statement 2 is correct
c) Both the statements are correct
d) Both the statements are false ANS : (C)
18. What is the full form of TEI?
a) Total error index
b) Total expansion index
c) Thermal expansion instrument
d) Thermal error index ANS : (D)
19. Which of the following option is not suitable for environmental conditions in
labs?
a) Wet dust particles decrease insulation resistance
b) Dry dust increase surface resistivity
c) A negative air pressure should be maintained in labs
d) Electrostatic precipitators used to collect dust particles ANS : (C)
20. Which of the following is incorrect about the metre (line standard)?
a) It is inoxidisable
b) Kept at 10oC
c) Supported by two rollers
d) Have a web type section ANS : (B)
Unit 2: Linear and Angular Measurement
1. A 250 mm sine bar is to be set to an angle of 3505’6”. Find the height of the
gauge blocks required using set of gauge blocks:-
a) 65.03 mm b) 175.065 mm c) 191.04 mm d) 15.05 cm ANS : (B)
2. Uses of angle dekkor includes:-
a) measuring the angle of a component b) checking the slope angle of a Vblock
c) measuring the angle of taper guage d) All of the above ANS : (D)
3. Unique feature of the electrical and electronic comparator includes:-
a) It is cheaper than mechanical comparator
b) Pointer is heavy and less sensitive to vibration
c) Very High Magnification and less number of moving parts
d) External power supply is not required to actuate the motor ANS : (C)
4. A limit guage is not a t . They are just used as t .t
a) measuring guage, inspecting guage b) inspecting guage, measuring guage
c) measuring guage, comparators d) calibration instrument, inspection
instrument ANS : (A)
5. A 100 mm sine bar is used to measure the taper angle of the specimen and
guage block was 5.055 mm. What will be the taper angle?
a) 2053’ b) 3041’ c) 1066’ d) 5033’ ANS : (A)
6. Applications of bevel protactor includes:-
a) checking the angle of V block b) measuring the angle of the
component
c) checking the inside beveled face of a ground surface d) All of the above ANS : (D)
7. The minimum value that can be measured using any measuring instrument is
called as of that particular instrument
a) Main scale reading b) Vernier scale reading c) Least count d) Zero
coincidence ANS : (C)
8. Factors to be considered for selecting the materials to manufacture slip
gauges includes:-
a) Availability of material, cost of material and material durability
b) High hardness, temperature stability and corrosion resistance
c) High quality finish, material recyclability and wear properties
d) Ease of availability, thermal properties and friction characteristics ANS : (B)
9. Sine bar is used to measure the
a) taper of horizontal surfaces b) taper of vertical surfaces
c) taper of cylindrical surfaces d) taper of drilled and bored holes ANS : (B)
10. Optical flat is an linear measuring instrument belonging to the category of
a) high resolution devices (less than microns)
b) low resolution devices (upto 0.25 mm)
c) medium resolution devices ( upto 0.0025 mm)
d) high resolution devices (greater than microns) ANS : (A)
11. Wear allowance in guage design is:-
a) 5% of work tolerance b) 10% of work tolerance
c) 10 – 20% of guage tolerance d) both (a) and (c) ANS : (D)
12. The difference between the basic sizes of mating parts is termed as
a) Tolerance b) Zero Line c) Allowance d) Form tolerance ANS : (C)
13. Which of the following is correct about the hardness of angle plates?
a) Minimum hardness of 100 HB
b) Minimum hardness of 180 HB
c) Maximum hardness of 180 HB
d) Maximum hardness of 100 HB ANS : (B)
14. Which of the following grade of a hole is mostly used for non-circular fits?
a) H5
b) H6
c) H7
d) H9 ANS : (D)
15. Which of the following is not true for fixed gauges?
a) Independent of availability of power supply
b) These are not expensive
c) Chances of human errors are more
d) Provide uniform reference standard ANS : (C)
16. Which of the following option is incorrect with respect to angle gauges?
a) Sine bar is better than angle gauges
b) Angle gauges are made of high carbon high chromium steel
c) Angle gauges can measure the angle from 0 to 360 degrees
d) They are available in two sets of 13 and 16 gauges ANS : (A)
17. How much extra thickness is added to tang thickness in tanged plug gauge?
a) 0.1 mm
b) 0.05 mm
c) 0.01 mm
d) 0.5 mm ANS : (C)
18. ‘Go limit’ applied to which limit condition?
a) Maximum material limit
b) Minimum material limit
c) Lower limit of shaft and upper limit of hole
d) Moderate material limit ANS : (A)
19. What is the use of ratchet stop in micrometer?
a) Prevent motion of spindle
b) Maintain uniform measuring pressure
c) Provide measuring surface
d) Forms measuring tip ANS : (B)
20. Which of the following is not a common basic form of slip gauge?
a) Rectangular
b) Square with centre hole
c) Square without centre hole
d) Parallelogram ANS : (D)
21. How many grades or classes of slip gauges are present?
a) 3
b) 5
c) 6
d) 4 ANS : (B)
22. What is the approximate size of slip gauges?
a) 30mm long and 10mm wide
b) 45mm long and 15mm wide
c) 20mm long and 5mm wide
d) 25mm long and 10mm wide ANS : (A)
23. Which of the following is not a slip gauge accessory?
a) Measuring jaws
b) Holder
c) Rod clamp
d) Base ANS : (C)
24.Which of the following is incorrect about bench micrometer?
a) Anvil retractor device
b) High precision micrometer head
c) Non-adjustable work table
d) Interchangeable dial indicator ANS : (C)
25. Which of the following is incorrect for vernier height gauge?
a) Both the surfaces of measuring jaw should be at 45o to the base
b) These gauges can be used for scribing purposes
c) Removable clamps are used
d) Surface plate is used as datum surface for measurements ANS : (A)
Unit 3: Advances in Metrology
1. Advantages of employing lasers in metrology applications includes:-
a) High precision, fast data acquisition, non contact measurement
b) Cost effective, improved technology, more moving parts
c) More wear and tear, cheaper, greater longevity
d) Accurate, Slow and steady, Higher durability ANS : (A)
2. ____is a device or surface that reflects light back to its source with
a minimum scattering of light and also reflects the beam parallel to incident
beam
a) Laser micrometer b) Beam splitter c) Trigger Probe d) Retro – reflector ANS : (D)
3. The different stages involved in the machine vision based measurement are:-
a) Image capture, Image digitalization, Image rotation and Image Enhancement
b) 1D Vision System, 2D Vision System and 3D Vision System
c) Image formation, Image processing, Image analysis and Interpretation
d) All of the above ANS : (C)
4. Alignment of test piece is not necessary in:-
a) Conventional Metrology b) Coordinate Metrology c) Legal Metrology
d) Dimensional Metrology ANS : (B)
5. ____is defined as a line where all elements of a line are collinear
a) Flatness b) Straightness c) Out of roudness d) Eccentricity ANS : (B)
6. Various types of CMM includes:-
a) Cantilever type, Bridge type, Column type and Gantry Type
b) Vertical type, Cross Hang type, Arm Type and 3600 type
c) Circular type, Bridge type, Beam Type and Gantry type
d) Horizontal Arm type, Radial type, Overhanging type and Flat type ANS : (A)
7. Advantages of using laser interferometer in straightness testing are:-
a) low signal to noise ratio, high accuracy and greater resolution
b) High linearity, High resolution c) easy to use, compact
d) Both (b) and (c) ANS : (D)
8. Krypton Ion lasers and Semiconductor lasers belongs to the category of
a) Optically pumped solid state lasers b) Liquid lasers
c) Gas lasers d) Dye lasers ANS : (C)
9. Determination of size, form, location and orientation in one setup using one
reference system is employed in
a) Industrial Metrology b) Coordinate Metrology
c) Fundamental Metrology d) Conventional Metrology ANS : (B)
10. are optical instruments for measuring flatness, determining
length of slip gauges by direct reference to light wavelength
a) Beam Splitter b) Optical Comparator c) Interferometer d) Machine
Vision ANS : (C)
11. Drawbacks of Coordinate Measuring Machine (CMM) includes:-
a) Probe run out, Prone perpendicularity errors
b) Longer setup and recording time, increased cost of fixturing & maintenance cost
c) Imperfect alignments w.r.t table and probe, errors in the digital system
d) both (a) and (c) ANS : (D)
12._____ is the minimum distance between two planes within which all
points on a surface lie.
a) Flatness b) Straightness c) Out of roudness d) Eccentricity ANS : (A)
13. What is the use of an interference microscope?
a) Measure depth of scratches
b) Measure width of crack
c) Develop a permanent visual record
d) Only illuminate the cracks ANS : (A)
14. For what distance, videoscopes are used with CCD probes for electronic
transmission?
a) Less than 15 m
b) More than 15 m
c) Less than 10 m
d) More than 10 m ANS : (B)
15. Which of the following is not true about metrology lasers used in laser
inspection?
a) These are high-power instruments
b) Used for rapid non-contact gauging of delicate parts
c) Have low optical cross-talk
d) Wide dynamic range ANS : (A)
16. Which technique is not suitable to measure large diameter parts or large
gaps?
a) Diffraction pattern technique
b) Scanning laser technique
c) Photodiode array imaging
d) Laser triangulation sensor ANS : (A)
17. Which of the following is true about resolution in two frequency laser
interferometer?
a) Straightness resolution – 90 nm
b) Angular resolution – 3 arc seconds
c) Flatness resolution – 2 nm
d) Linear resolution – 1 nm ANS : (D)
18. Which application is ideally suited for two frequency laser interferometer?
a) Pitch and yaw measurement
b) Hole diameters
c) Thickness measurement
d) Measurement of edge locations ANS : (A)
19. Which technique from given laser inspection techniques is useful for
measuring the diameter of hot steel bars?
a) Laser scanning gauge
b) Frequency laser interferometer
c) Laser triangulation sensors
d) Photodiode array imaging ANS : (A)
20. What precise movement does CMM have?
a) Precise movement in x coordinate
b) Precise movement in x and y coordinates
c) Precise movement in y and z coordinates
d) Precise movement in x, y and z coordinates ANS : (D)
21. Which type of CMM is most suited for large heavy workpieces?
a) Cantilever type
b) Bridge type
c) Horizontal boring mill type
d) Floating bridge type ANS : (C)
22. What is the cause of translational errors in CMM?
a) Error in scale division
b) Error in straightness
c) Twisting error
d) Roll error ANS : (B)
23. Which of the following is true for trigger type probe system used in
computer controlled CMM?
a) Bucking mechanism is a 2 point bearing
b) Current coordinate position stored when circuit is close
c) Contacts of point bearing arranged at 90 degree
d) Contacts of point bearing act as electrical micro switches ANS : (D)
24. To what degree the edges of optical flats are bevelled?
a) 30o
b) 45o
c) 60o
d) 90o ANS : (B)
25. Which light is preferred if three dimensional features are being inspected?
a) Front lighting
b) Side lighting
c) Backlighting
d) Any lighting is suited ANS : (B)
Unit 4: Form Measurement
1. Amount of tooth space between mating gears at the pitch circle diameter is
termed as:-
a) Helix angle b) Undulation c) Backlash d) Module ANS : (C)
2. What is the helix angle of M 50X3 2 – start thread?
a) 2011’ b) 30 c) 15.40 d) 450 ANS : (A)
3. Methods used for evaluating the surface finish includes:-
a) Peak to valley height method b) Average roughness method
c) base tangent method d) Both (a) and (b) ANS : (D)
4. The two corrections applied for the measurement of the effective diameter
are:-
a) Thread Correction and Rake Correction
b) Rake Correction and Compression Correction
c) Pitch Correction and Thread Correction
d) Rake Correction and Profile Correction ANS : (B)
5. In auto collimator, the instrument is placed at a distance of
from the surface to be tested
a) 3 metres b) 0.75 mm c) 0.5 m to 0.75 m d) 1m to 2 m ANS : (C)
6. The various methods employed for measuring pitch diameter includes:-
a) Pitch Measuring machine b) Tool maker’s microscope c) Screw pitch guage
d) All of the above ANS : (D)
7. The outside diameter of a gear is 110 mm and the number of teeth is 20. What
is the module of the gear?
a) 6 mm b) 2 mm c) 4 mm d) 10 mm ANS : (A)
8. The maximum wavelength considered for the measurement of surface
roughness is known as:-
a) Waviness b) Cut – off length c) Secondary texture d) Material ratio ANS : (B)
9. refers to the condition of a hole or shaft when the maximum
material is left on i.e., high limit of a shaft and low limit of a hole
a) Maximum metal condition b) Maximum metal condition
c) Least metal condition d) Backlash ANS : (A)
10.What is the span length over 5 teeth of gear having 45 teeth, module 4 mm
and pressure angle 200?
a) 20 mm b) 67.46 mm c) 12.72 mm d) 31.77 mm ANS : (B)
11. The various stylus probe instruments used for surface finish measurement:-
a) Parkinson gear tester b) Tool maker’s microscope
c) Screw pitch guage d) None of the above ANS : (D)
12. Lead is distance a screw thread advances in one turn & is mathematically
expressed as
a) Pitch circle diameter / No of teeth b) No of teeth X Pitch circle diameter
c) No of starts X Pitch d) No of starts / Pitch ANS : (C)
13. What is the load condition when a relative alignment of machine parts and
accuracy of control devices measured?
a) No load condition
b) Half load condition
c) Full load condition
d) One-fourth load condition ANS : (A)
14. In what direction the parallelism of the main spindle to saddle movement is
checked?
a) Vertical direction
b) Horizontal direction
c) Both vertical and horizontal direction
d) At an angle ANS : (C)
15. What is profile error?
a) The minimum distance of any point on the profile of tooth form and normal to the
design profile when the two coincide at the reference circle
b) The minimum distance of any point on the profile of tooth form and parallel to the
design profile when the two coincide at the reference circle
c) The maximum distance of any point on the profile of tooth form and parallel to the
design profile when the two coincide at the reference circle
d) The maximum distance of any point on the profile of tooth form and normal
to the design profile when the two coincide at the reference circle ANS : (D)
16. What is undulation?
a) Departure of the actual tooth surface from design surface
b) Departure of the virtual tooth surface from design surface
c) Departure of the design surface from actual tooth surface
d) Departure of the design surface from virtual tooth surface ANS : (A)
17. What is the effect of improper alignment of each tooth?
a) Tooth thickness increases
b) Face width decreases
c) Load will not distributed evenly
d) Pitch of teeth reduced ANS : (C)
18. Which of the following element is not determined by analytical inspection?
a) Profile
b) Composite vibrations
c) Spacing
d) Pitch ANS : (B)
19. Which of the following is the correct mathematical formula for module?
a) D/N
b) D/2N
c) 2D/N
d) 4D/N ANS : (A)
20. How many variables are taken into consideration for the calculation of
effective diameter tolerance?
a) 1
b) 2
c) 3
d) 4 ANS : (C)
21. What is the relation between close fit and free fit?
a) Close fit tolerance is one third of free fit
b) Close fit tolerance is one half of free fit
c) Close fit tolerance is two thirds of free fit
d) Close fit tolerance is three fourths of free fit ANS : (C)
22. How many types of tolerances are there in screw thread gauge tolerance?
a) 2
b) 3
c) 5
d) 4 ANS : (B)
23. What is the correct way to write pitch diameter combination of thread size
20mm and pitch 2.5mm?
a) M 20:2.5
b) M {20,2.5}
c) M 20×2.5
d) M 20-2.5 ANS : (C)
24. What is the importance of the valley in any irregular surface?
a) Reduce metal to metal contact
b) Retain film of lubricating oil
c) Reduce stress concentration
d) Improve surface texture ANS : (B)
25. Which of the following is true about Tomlinson surface meter?
a) It is a mechanical instrument
b) It is an electrical instrument
c) It is a mechanical cum optical instrument
d) It is an optical instrument ANS : (C)
Unit 5: Measurement of Power, Flow and Temperature
1. _____is an electro mechanical transducer that converts load / force
acting on it into an analog electrical signal
a) Load cell b) Pendulum scale c) Dynamometer d) Pressductor ANS : (A)
2. Unique features of orifice meter includes:-
a) loss of head is low, no wear & tear
b) Easy installation & replacement, less space required, low initial cost
c) less chances of corrosion, clogging due to solid particles is low
d) All of the above ANS : (B)
3. Laws of thermocouples includes:-
a) Law of intermediate temperatures b) Law of intermediate materials
c) Law of microstructure d) Both (a) and (b) ANS : (D)
4. The semi conductor device which has a negative temperature coefficient of
resistance is:-
a) Pressductor b) Dynamometer c) Thermistor d) Transducer ANS : (C)
5. Bourdon tube is a simple tube, which expands when it is exposed to______ .
This expansion is the measure of_____
a) Pressure, force b) Pressure, pressure c) Force, Pressure d) Force,
force ANS : (B)
6. Applications of ultrasonic flow meter includes:-
a) Shock wave interaction
b) Measurement of flow between blades of turbines
c) Remote sensing of wind velocities
d) both (b) and (c) ANS : (D)
7. Electromagnetic radiation emitted by a body as a result of its temperature is
termed as
a) Thermal radiation b) Magnetic radiation c) X-ray radiation d) Gamma
radiation ANS : (A)
8. Transformation of the kinetic energy of a liquid into potential energy is in the
form a static head in
a) Ultrasonic flow meter b) Transducer c) Pitot tube d) Dynamometer ANS : (C)
9. Examples of Inertial type of flow meters includes:-
a) Venturimeter b) Orifice meter c) Pitot tube d) All of the above ANS : (D)
10. RTDs act similar to a and it converts the temperature to
by the measurement of resistance.
a) Electrical transducer, temperature signals
b) Electrical transducer, voltage signals
c) Theromocouple, temperature signals d) Theromocouple, voltage signals ANS : (B)
11. List of commonly used materials for the thermocouple are:-
a) Alumel, Copper, Platinum, Rhodium
b) Aluminium, Copper, Magnesium, Gold
c) Gold, Silver, Ceramics, Titanium
d) Tungsten, Diamond, Stainless steel, Gold ANS : (A)
12.The device used for high velocity flow measurement where erosion or
cavitation could damage an orifice plate is called as
a) Venturimeter b) Thermocouple c) Flow nozzle d) Orifice meter ANS : (C)
13. What is the general instrument cut off for majority engineering work?
a) 0.08 mm
b) 0.8 mm
c) 0.1 cm
d) 0.5 mm ANS : (B)
14. Instrument which is designed to eliminate the personal element of feel when
setting a measuring instrument is called
A. Fiducial indicator
B. Zero setting device
C. Auxiliary measuring instrument
D. Measuring standard ANS : (A)
15. What is the upper limit that is commonly accepted for waviness
measurement?
a) 10mm
b) 20mm
c) 25mm
d) 15mm ANS : (C)
16. In _____________ velocity of fluid is constant on every point at a specific
time.
a) Steady flow
b) Rotational flow
c) Non steady flow
d) None of the mentioned ANS : (A)
17. Bernoulli’s theorem is applicable for fluid path with moderate frictional
force.
a) True c) partially true
b) False d) partially false ANS : (B)
18. _____________ measures velocity at a point of fluid in a stream.
a) Venturi meter
b) pH meter
c) Pitot-Static tubes
d) None of the mentioned ANS : (C)
19. Which of the following represents the correct relation between flow rate and
area of pipe?
a) Direct proportionality
b) Inverse proportionality
c) Equal
d) None of the mentioned ANS : (A)
20. Output of a bimetallic element will be __________________
a) Strain
b) Pressure
c) Displacement
d) Voltage ANS : (C)
21. In liquid in steel bulb thermometer, which liquid can be used for measuring
temperature up to 60000C?
a) Mercury
b) Ether
c) Water
d) None of the mentioned ANS : (A)
22. Which of the following is used as indication instrument in a liquid expansion
system?
a) Bellows
b) Bourdon tube
c) Ammeter
d) Thermometer ANS : (B)
23. Which of the following is true for bimetallic type thermometer?
a) Two metals have same temperature coefficients
b) Two metals have different temperature coefficient
c) One metal is cooled always
d) None of the mentioned ANS : (B)
24. Ratio of net amount of heat received and stored in the body for certain time
interval is known as _________________
a) Temperature
b) Thermal coefficient
c) Thermal storage capacity
d) None of the mentioned ANS : (C)
25. Heat transfer coefficient of a material with length l is _________
a) K/l
b) l/K
c) 1/K
d) Kl ANS : (A)
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